A recent discovery is raising questions as to whether Jesus was married. There doesn't seem to be much debate over the issue in Christian circles, and any controversy there is, seems to be mostly with the media.
A couple of years ago historian Karen King of Harvard Divinity School translated eight lines from an inscription on a piece of stone from the fourth century. The writing is Coptic, and it seems to be a dialogue between Jesus and his disciples. In it, Jesus refers to his wife, who is Mary.
King believes the piece of stone is legitimate in being dated to the fourth century. She has been careful to point out that even if the writing is authentic, it does not mean Jesus was married.
The bible does not say one way or the other. Some later writings have suggested he was married, but those have been widely discredited as historical documents. Some have argued that surely it would have been mentioned in the bible if he had been married, but arguing from silence is not a sound way of investigating history.
Church tradition holds that Jesus was not married, was a virgin, and of course had no children.
Some of this may be due to Greek cultural influence, which was dominant when Jesus lived, and for awhile after. Greek philosophy held that sex was basically evil and that this sort of thing could not be mixed with spiritual things, let alone the son of God.
Another problem arose when early Christians were trying to figure out their theology. The whole question of whether Jesus was totally human, totally God, or some combination, took a couple hundred years to hash out. How Jesus could both is still a controversy today in some circles.
Perhaps it was thought that since Jesus was God, if he had children, his children would have been super-human beings.
That too is conjecture. As the church finally settled on orthodoxy, it decided that Jesus was fully human and fully God at the the same time. As a fully human being he could have been married and had children who would have been fully human as well, and would not be super human at all.
He may not have been married, or he may have been. Traditions develop, but there is no way to know for sure. From a theological perspective, it should not matter.
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